On dd-stable locally checkable problems parameterized by mim-width

In this paper we continue the study of locally checkable problems under the framework introduced by Bonomo-Braberman and Gonzalez in 2020, by focusing on graphs of bounded mim-width. We study which restrictions on a locally checkable problem are necessary in order to be able to solve it efficiently on graphs of bounded mim-width. To this end, we introduce the concept of $d$-stability of a check function. The related locally checkable problems contain large classes of problems, among which we can mention, for example, LCVP problems. We give an algorithm showing that these problems are XP when parameterized by the mim-width of a given binary decomposition tree of the input graph, that is, that they can be solved in polynomial time given a binary decomposition tree of bounded mim-width. We explore the relation between $d$-stable locally checkable problems and the recently introduced DN logic (Bergougnoux, Dreier and Jaffke, 2022), and show that both frameworks model the same family of problems. We include a list of concrete examples of $d$-stable locally checkable problems whose complexity on graphs of bounded mim-width was open so far

A new approach on locally checkable problems

By providing a new framework, we extend previous results on locally checkable problems in bounded treewidth graphs. As a consequence, we show how to solve, in polynomial time for bounded treewidth graphs, double Roman domination and Grundy domination, among other problems for which no such algorithm was previously known. Moreover, by proving that fixed powers of bounded degree and bounded treewidth graphs are also bounded degree and bounded treewidth graphs, we can enlarge the family of problems that can be solved in polynomial time for these graph classes, including distance coloring problems and distance domination problems (for bounded distances)

Characterising circular-arc contact B0B_0-VPG graphs

A contact $B_0$-VPG graph is a graph for which there exists a collection of nontrivial pairwise interiorly disjoint horizontal and vertical segments in one-to-one correspondence with its vertex set such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding segments touch. It was shown by Deniz et al. that Recognition is $\mathsf{NP}$-complete for contact $B_0$-VPG graphs. In this paper we present a minimal forbidden induced subgraph characterisation of contact $B_0$-VPG graphs within the class of circular-arc graphs and provide a polynomial-time algorithm for recognising these graphs

El proyecto interdisciplinario en la formación de profesores en Matemática

En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia realizada en la formación de estudiantes del profesorado en matemática. Se propone la planificación de un proyecto como estrategia pedagógica para la educación matemática con la intención de potenciar el trabajo interdisciplinario en la escuela secundaria. En el proyecto elaborado se busca resignificar el objeto matemático “divisor común mayor” a través de una tarea de programación. Esto excede la aplicación lineal de técnicas de una asignatura para resolver problemas de la otra, sino que exige un abordaje integral del problema desde ambas disciplinas, alrededor del cual ambas asignaturas pueden construir, resignificar y ejercitar conocimientos. Se exhibe el proyecto elaborado por las profesoras en formación y se enuncian algunas reflexiones en torno a este tipo de trabajo. Esta experiencia brindó una oportunidad para vivenciar la generación de un espacio de aprendizaje en el que surgieron discusiones, coflexiones, toma de decisiones colectivas; todo en un ambiente de respeto, confianza y valoración del pensamiento del “otro”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

El proyecto interdisciplinario en la formación de profesores en Matemática

En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia realizada en la formación de estudiantes del profesorado en matemática. Se propone la planificación de un proyecto como estrategia pedagógica para la educación matemática con la intención de potenciar el trabajo interdisciplinario en la escuela secundaria. En el proyecto elaborado se busca resignificar el objeto matemático “divisor común mayor” a través de una tarea de programación. Esto excede la aplicación lineal de técnicas de una asignatura para resolver problemas de la otra, sino que exige un abordaje integral del problema desde ambas disciplinas, alrededor del cual ambas asignaturas pueden construir, resignificar y ejercitar conocimientos. Se exhibe el proyecto elaborado por las profesoras en formación y se enuncian algunas reflexiones en torno a este tipo de trabajo. Esta experiencia brindó una oportunidad para vivenciar la generación de un espacio de aprendizaje en el que surgieron discusiones, coflexiones, toma de decisiones colectivas; todo en un ambiente de respeto, confianza y valoración del pensamiento del “otro”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

El proyecto interdisciplinario en la formación de profesores en Matemática

En este trabajo se presenta una experiencia realizada en la formación de estudiantes del profesorado en matemática. Se propone la planificación de un proyecto como estrategia pedagógica para la educación matemática con la intención de potenciar el trabajo interdisciplinario en la escuela secundaria. En el proyecto elaborado se busca resignificar el objeto matemático “divisor común mayor” a través de una tarea de programación. Esto excede la aplicación lineal de técnicas de una asignatura para resolver problemas de la otra, sino que exige un abordaje integral del problema desde ambas disciplinas, alrededor del cual ambas asignaturas pueden construir, resignificar y ejercitar conocimientos. Se exhibe el proyecto elaborado por las profesoras en formación y se enuncian algunas reflexiones en torno a este tipo de trabajo. Esta experiencia brindó una oportunidad para vivenciar la generación de un espacio de aprendizaje en el que surgieron discusiones, coflexiones, toma de decisiones colectivas; todo en un ambiente de respeto, confianza y valoración del pensamiento del “otro”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

<i>orsai</i>, the Drosophila homolog of human ETFRF1, links lipid catabolism to growth control

BACKGROUND: Lipid homeostasis is an evolutionarily conserved process that is crucial for energy production, storage and consumption. Drosophila larvae feed continuously to achieve the roughly 200-fold increase in size and accumulate sufficient reserves to provide all energy and nutrients necessary for the development of the adult fly. The mechanisms controlling this metabolic program are poorly understood. RESULTS: Herein we identified a highly conserved gene, orsai (osi), as a key player in lipid metabolism in Drosophila. Lack of osi function in the larval fat body, the regulatory hub of lipid homeostasis, reduces lipid reserves and energy output, evidenced by decreased ATP production and increased ROS levels. Metabolic defects due to reduced Orsai (Osi) in time trigger defective food-seeking behavior and lethality. Further, we demonstrate that downregulation of Lipase 3, a fat body-specific lipase involved in lipid catabolism in response to starvation, rescues the reduced lipid droplet size associated with defective orsai. Finally, we show that osi-related phenotypes are rescued through the expression of its human ortholog ETFRF1/LYRm5, known to modulate the entry of β-oxidation products into the electron transport chain; moreover, knocking down electron transport flavoproteins EtfQ0 and walrus/ETFA rescues osi-related phenotypes, further supporting this mode of action. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Osi may act in concert with the ETF complex to coordinate lipid homeostasis in the fat body in response to stage-specific demands, supporting cellular functions that in turn result in an adaptive behavioral response. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12915-022-01417-w

Variation in Colonoscopy Performance Measures According to Procedure Indication

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Most fulfillment and benchmarking information for colonoscopy quality indicators has been obtained from studies of primary screening colonoscopies. We analyzed differences in the fulfillment of colonoscopy quality indicators based on the indication for endoscopy. METHODS: We performed an observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study of 14,867 patients who underwent endoscopy procedures for gastrointestinal symptoms (40.3%), a positive result from a fecal immunochemical test (36.0%), postpolypectomy surveillance (15.3%), or primary screening (8.4%), from February 2016 through December 2017 at 14 centers in Spain. We evaluated rates of adequate colon cleansing, cecal intubation, adenoma detection, and colorectal cancer detection, among others. We used findings from primary screening colonoscopies as the reference standard. RESULTS: Fewer than 90% of patients had adequate bowel preparation; 83.1% of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms had adequate bowel preparation (odds ratio [OR] compared with patients with primary screening colonoscopies, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.49–0.78) and 85.3% of patients receiving postpolypectomy surveillance had adequate bowel preparation (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55–0.91). The cecal intubation rate was also lower in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (93.1%) (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.22–0.52). The adenoma detection rate was higher in patients with a positive result from a fecal immunochemical test (46.4%) (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.71–2.35) and in patients undergoing postpolypectomy surveillance (48.2%) (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.20–1.67). The highest proportion of patients with colorectal cancer was in the gastrointestinal symptom group (5.1%) (OR, 5.24; 95% CI, 2.30–11.93) and the lowest was in patients undergoing surveillance (0.8%) (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.32–2.14). CONCLUSIONS: Fulfillment of colonoscopy performance measures varies substantially by indication. Policies addressing performance measures beyond colonoscopy screening procedures should be developed. Benchmarking recommendations could be adjusted according to colonoscopy indication

Factors associated with lesion detection in colonoscopy among different indications

Background and objective: Different factors may influence colonoscopy performance measures. We aimed to analyze procedure- and endoscopist-related factors associated with detection of colorectal lesions and whether these factors have a similar influence in the context of different colonoscopy indications: positive fecal immunochemical test (+FIT) and post-polypectomy surveillance colonoscopies. Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study included adults aged 40-80 years. Endoscopists (N = 96) who had performed ≥50 examinations were assessed for physician-related factors. Adenoma detection rate (ADR), adenomas per colonoscopy rate (APCR), advanced ADR, serrated polyp detection (SDR), and serrated polyps per colonoscopy rate (SPPCR) were calculated. Results: We included 12,932 procedures, with 4810 carried out after a positive FIT and 1967 for surveillance. Of the 96 endoscopists evaluated, 43.8% were women, and the mean age was 41.9 years. The ADR, advanced ADR, and SDR were 39.7%, 17.7%, and 12.8%, respectively. Adenoma detection rate was higher in colonoscopies after a +FIT (50.3%) with a more than doubled advanced ADR compared to non-FIT procedures (27.6% vs. 13.0%) and similar results in serrated lesions (14.7% vs. 13.5%). Among all the detection indicators analyzed, withdrawal time was the only factor independently related to improvement (p < 0.001). Regarding FIT-positive and surveillance procedures, for both indications, withdrawal time was also the only factor associated with a higher detection of adenomas and serrated polyps (p < 0.001). Endoscopist-related factors (i.e., weekly hours dedicated to endoscopy, annual colonoscopy volume and lifetime number of colonoscopies performed) had also impact on lesion detection (APCR, advanced ADR and SPPCR). Conclusions: Withdrawal time was the factor most commonly associated with improved detection of colonic lesions globally and in endoscopies for + FIT and post-polypectomy surveillance. Physician-related factors may help to address strategies to support training and service provision. Our results can be used for establishing future benchmarking and quality improvement in different colonoscopy indications

El lado humano de la sostenibilidad : reflexiones desde lo privado y lo público

1 documento en PDF de 31 páginasPara hablar de sostenibilidad, es preciso aclarar que el término va más allá del concepto medio ambiente; aborda todas las actividades del ser humano, desde su ámbito privado y cotidiano, hasta las acciones públicas que comparte con diferentes actores sociales; de tal manera que unos y otros son responsables del equilibrio de la vida. Los autores de este libro, por ejemplo, investigan y analizan el concepto de cuidado y sus dinámicas al interior de la familia, la percepción masculina del cuidado doméstico; cómo se perciben e interiorizan los términos educación y ciudadanía en la vida cotidiana; qué significa la discapacidad y cómo funcionan las familias con integrantes discapacitados. Y así como se tocan temas que, por su carácter doméstico y corriente, afectan la balanza de la sostenibilidad, de igual manera se revisan otros con igual o mayor peso en la sostenibilidad humana, como la responsabilidad social empresarial y la gobernanza del sistema de salud. El Cuidado En El Ámbito Privado || El Cuidado En El Ámbito Públic